Recently, page-table self-replication (PTSR) has been proposed to reduce the page-table caused NUMA effect for large-memory workloads on NUMA servers. However, PTSR may improve or hurt performance of an application, depending on its characteristics and the co-located applications. This is hard for users to know, but current PTSR can only be manually enabled/disabled by users. To address this issue, we propose WASP (Workload-Aware Self-Replication) to automatically enable/disable PTSR to reduce the page-table caused NUMA effect. WASP innovates two techniques. First, it identifies a set of indicators, which are generally available on most processor architectures, to indicate if PTSR should be enabled/disabled. Second, WASP devises a hierarchical as well as gradual mechanism using these indicators to enable/disable PTSR automatically for a specific workload to reduce the page-table caused NUMA effect during its execution. We implement WASP in Linux and evaluate it on x86 and ARM NUMA servers. Experimental results show that WASP can automatically enable/disable PTSR successfully according to workload characteristics, achieving at least the same performance improvement as that obtained by manually enabling PTSR on both x86 and ARM NUMA servers.

@inproceedings{Qu024,
  title = {WASP: Workload-Aware Self-Replicating Page-Tables for NUMA Servers},
  author = {Hongliang Qu and Zhibin Yu},
  booktitle = {ASPLOS},
  year = {2024},
  doi = {10.1145/3620665.3640369}
}