一句话：提出FOCAL一阶碳模型，用第一性原理评估处理器可持续性，并给出归一化碳足迹指标指导架构优化。
计算机系统全生命周期消耗大量材料与能源，如何降低计算的环境影响是重要挑战，而相关数据存在固有不确定性。本文提出FOCAL，一个参数化的第一性原理一阶碳模型，用于评估处理器可持续性。其归一化碳足迹（NCF）指标可指导计算机架构师综合优化芯片面积、能量与功耗，从而降低处理器的环境足迹。作者利用FOCAL将多种典型处理器机制分析并归类为强可持续、弱可持续或较不可持续的设计选择，为硬件与软件层面减少环境足迹提供洞见与直觉。案例研究进一步展示了一条设计强可持续多核处理器的路径：在提供高性能的同时降低环境足迹。
Sustainability in general and global warming in particular are grand societal challenges. Computer systems demand substantial materials and energy resources throughout their entire lifetime. A key question is how computer engineers and scientists can reduce the environmental impact of computing. To overcome the inherent data uncertainty, this paper proposes FOCAL, a parameterized first-order carbon model to assess processor sustainability using first principles. FOCAL's normalized carbon footprint (NCF) metric guides computer architects to holistically optimize chip area, energy and power consumption to reduce a processor's environmental footprint. We use FOCAL to analyze and categorize a broad set of archetypal processor mechanisms into strongly, weakly or less sustainable design choices, providing insight and intuition into how to reduce a processor's environmental footprint with implications to both hardware and software. A case study illustrates a pathway for designing strongly sustainable multicore processors delivering high performance while at the same time reducing their environmental footprint.