一句话：探讨专用硬件在可持续计算中的潜力与风险，以应对AI等负载能耗增长。
计算对应对气候变化等人类紧迫需求至关重要，但其碳足迹也在持续增长，部分源于人工智能等高能耗负载的指数式扩张。由于Dennard缩放终结，通用处理器无法再依赖指数级能效提升，当前运行效率的改进日益依赖专用硬件。该报告围绕可持续计算，讨论利用专用化（specialization）的前景与风险，剖析其在提升能效方面的希望，以及可能带来的代价与隐患。摘要属于愿景性/立场性演讲，未给出具体方法细节或实验评估，旨在为可持续计算中专用硬件的方向与边界提供讨论框架。
Computing is critical to address some of the most pressing needs of humanity today, including climate change mitigation and adaptation. However, it is also the source of a significant and steadily increasing carbon toll, attributed in part to the exponential growth in energy-demanding workloads, such as artificial intelligence (AI). Due to the demise of Dennard scaling, we can no longer count on exponentially-improve energy efficiency of general-purpose processors. Therefore, today's operational efficiency gains rely on specialized hardware. In this talk I will discuss the promise and the perils of harnessing specialization on the road to sustainable computing.