一句话：提出 RBlox 硬件同步设施，用键范围锁为领域特定架构支持动态数据结构，显著提升性能并降低带宽与能耗。
当前领域特定架构（DSA）主要面向静态数据结构，仅支持原地更新，难以插入或删除数据；要支持可变、可动态伸缩的数据结构，又缺乏同步设施，只能依赖地址原子操作或主机批量更新，性能代价高且锁需大缓存。RBlox 提出面向 DSA 的硬件同步设施，以键范围刻画同步边界，利用符号化范围锁紧凑表示多个嵌套对象上的互斥，小型片上表（2KB）即可替代地址锁的大缓存（256KB），并通过范围显式表示感兴趣区域实现即时互斥。在 128-tile 数据流 DSA 上，性能提升 15 倍，DRAM 带宽降低 4 倍，片上流量节省 70%，片上能耗仅需 6.6%。
Current domain-specific architectures (DSAs) work predominantly with static data structures and find it challenging to insert or remove data (they only support in-place updates). However, as DSAs target real-world applications, it is neces- sary to support mutable and dynamically resizable data structures. DSAs cannot support dynamic data structures since they lack a synchronization facility. DSAs are forced to either use address-based atomics or batch updates on the host. Unfortunately, both approaches introduce prohibitive performance penalties and require large caches for the locks. Range-blocks (RBlox) develops a hardware synchronization facility for DSAs to support dynamic data structures. Our idea is to use key ranges to capture synchronization boundaries and tap into the inherent parallelism of the data-structure layout. We make two novel observations that enable a practical hardware implementation: i) Range locks are symbolic and can compactly represent mutexes on multiple nested objects. Thus, any operation requires fewer range locks, and a small on-chip table suffices (2kb) compared to large caches (256kb) for address-based locks [79, 81]. ii) Ranges also explicitly represent the region of interest, and we can instantly achieve mutual exclusion (instead of relying on ordering). On a 128-tile dataflow DSA, we improve performance by 15×, reduce DRAM bandwidth by 4×, save 70% of on-chip traffic, and require 6.6% of on-chip energy.