一句话：提出Radshield软件系统，通过电流监测与高效冗余执行，防护太空商用芯片的辐射短路与单比特数据损坏。
发射成本下降使大量搭载商用现成芯片的廉价卫星进入太空，但这些芯片缺乏硬件辐射防护。Radshield 是软件防护系统，针对两类辐射故障：(a) 辐射诱发短路导致永久硬件损坏；(b) 辐射诱发瞬态电荷造成单比特静默数据损坏（SDC）。它包含短路过流检测器，在低资源利用率时估计正常电流以检测微小电流增加；并以 CPU 和内存高效的方式复制航天器工作负载执行，即使 SDC 影响 CPU 流水线或缓存也能捕获。实验表明其能有效防止两类错误，检测 SDC 的能效比现有最先进机制高 1.4–35.5 倍，已部署于低地球轨道与深空任务。
Exponentially-declining launch costs have led to an explosion of inexpensive satellites launched to space, often equipped with off-the-shelf chips. These chips, however, lack hardware radiation protection, leaving them vulnerable to space radiation. We thus design Radshield, a software system protecting against the two most ubiquitous and costly radiation fault scenarios: (a) radiation-induced short-circuits that lead to permanent hardware failure; and (b) radiation-induced transient charges that result in single-bit silent data corruption (SDC). Radshield counters these failure scenarios with two components. First, it uses a short-circuit detector that can detect tiny increases in the device's current draw by estimating the normal current draw when resource utilization is low. Second, it duplicates the execution of spacecraft workloads in a CPU and memory-efficient manner, and catches SDCs even when they affect the CPU's pipeline or cache. In our experiments, we show Radshield is very effective at preventing both errors, and is 1.4-35.5× more power-efficient than the state-of-the-art protection mechanisms in detecting SDC. Radshield is deployed on missions in low-earth orbit and in deep space. ''The 9000 series is the most reliable computer ever made. No 9000 computer has ever made a mistake or distorted information. We are all, by any practical definition of the words, foolproof and incapable of error.'' HAL, 2001: A Space Odyssey
@inproceedings{WangMVWYC26,
title = {Radshield: Software Radiation Protection for Commodity Hardware in Space},
author = {Haoda Wang and Steven Myint and Vandi Verma and Yonatan Winetraub and Junfeng Yang and Asaf Cidon},
booktitle = {ASPLOS},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.1145/3760250.3762218}
}