一句话：提出融合情绪因素的 Scrum 团队效能评估模型 STEM-EF，并完成内容效度与可用性验证。
针对 Scrum 团队效能评估多关注行为与结构维度、忽视情绪动态的问题，本文提出 STEM-EF 模型。该模型围绕情绪智力、人际技能、冲突解决和心理安全四个情绪因素，并与 Scrum 事件、角色和工件匹配。验证采用混合方法：用 CVI 评估内容效度，用 TAM 评估感知有用性；数据来自 11 名 Scrum 专家、56 名团队成员和 2 名心理学家的访谈、焦点小组与问卷。结果显示，相关性、一致性和简洁性的 S-CVI 分别达 1.00、1.00 和 0.99，TAM 也表明使用者对有用性和采用意愿持积极态度。STEM-EF 是经内容验证且具实践前景的 Scrum 团队情绪评估工具。
Background: Team effectiveness is critical to Agile Software Development (ASD), particularly within the Scrum framework. Existing models focus on behavioral and structural dimensions such as communication, coordination, and shared leadership, but largely overlook emotional dynamics. Objective: This study proposes the Scrum Team Effectiveness Model – Emotional Factors (STEM-EF), a novel instrument designed to assess team effectiveness in Scrum by incorporating emotional constructs. Method: STEM-EF was developed around four emotional factors—Emotional Intelligence (EI), Interpersonal Skills (IS), Conflict Resolution (CR), and Psychological Safety (PS)—and tailored to Scrum events, roles, and artifacts. Validation employed a mixed-methods approach, with content validity assessed using the Content Validity Index (CVI) and perceived utility evaluated through the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Data were collected from 11 Scrum experts, 56 team members, and 2 psychologists via interviews, focus groups, and surveys. Results: STEM-EF demonstrated high content validity across relevance, coherence, and simplicity (S-CVI-Relevance = 1.00, S-CVI-Coherence = 1.00, S-CVI-Simplicity = 0.99). TAM results indicated favorable perceptions of usefulness and intention to adopt the instrument. Conclusion: STEM-EF is a content-validated and practically promising instrument for integrating emotional assessment into Scrum team evaluations. It offers both researchers and practitioners a structured means to explore and support emotional dynamics that may affect team performance.
@inproceedings{paperbot11726,
title = {STEM-EF: A Scrum Teamwork Effectiveness Model Based on Emotional Factors},
author = {Ramon Nóbrega dos Santos and Hyggo Almeida and Mirko Perkusich and Danyllo Albuquerque and Felipe Cunha and Thiago Rique and Ademar Sousa Neto and Angelo Perkusich},
booktitle = {ICSE},
year = {2026},
doi = {10.1145/3744916.3773246}
}