一句话：首个针对 5,954 个真实 WebGL 应用的实证研究，揭示其性能缺陷与不当开发实践根因。
随着 Web 沉浸式体验的快速发展，GPU 加速已成为 Web 生态的重要组成部分，但人们对真实 WebGL 应用的实际状况知之甚少。为填补这一空白，本文开展了首个面向真实 GPU 加速 Web 应用的综合性实证研究：作者构建了包含 5,954 个真实 WebGL 应用的数据集，并开发了一个测量工具，用于在不同设备、操作系统和浏览器上评估这些应用的表现。研究结果揭示了这些应用中普遍存在的性能缺陷，并定位到其根因——不当的开发实践。基于这些发现，作者进一步为开发者和浏览器厂商提出了可操作的改进策略，以缓解相关性能问题。
Driven by the rapid advancement of Web immersive experiences, the demand for GPU acceleration in Web applications has become an essential component of the Web ecosystem. However, little is known about the current practices of GPU-accelerated Web applications. To bridge the knowledge gap, we conduct the first comprehensive empirical study of real-world Web applications that leverage the Web Graphics Library (WebGL) for GPU acceleration, i.e., WebGL applications. We construct a dataset consisting of 5,954 real-world WebGL applications and develop a measurement tool to evaluate how these applications perform across various devices, operating systems, and browsers. Our findings reveal the performance defects in these applications, along with the root causes stemming from undesired development practices. Based on the findings, we propose actionable strategies for developers and browser vendors to mitigate the performance defects.