一句话：指出以太坊矿工需联合选择交易并优化排序以最大化 gas 收入，形成组合优化问题。
该论文研究加密货币网络中矿工的收益最大化问题。在比特币等 UTXO 区块链中交易费固定，矿工主要选择高费交易；但在以太坊中，交易费用取决于执行成本（gas），而 gas 又受区块内前序交易顺序影响。因此矿工需要同时决定选取哪些交易以及如何排列它们，以最大化交易费收入。这种交易选择与排序的耦合导致组合爆炸，使问题比固定费用场景显著更难。论文将此刻画为针对以太坊矿工的优化问题，并强调其组合复杂性；摘要未给出具体求解算法或实验评估结果。
In cryptocurrency networks, transaction-fee revenue serves as the primary financial incentive for miners to participate in the consensus mechanism, securing the network by validating transactions and extending the blockchain. Maximizing this revenue is therefore a key optimization problem for miners. While this has been studied for UTXO blockchains like Bitcoin, where transaction fees are fixed, we focus on Ethereum, where the challenge is significantly greater. On Ethereum, the fee paid by a transaction depends on its execution cost (gas), which can change based on the ordering of preceding transactions in a block. This creates a combinatorial explosion, as miners must select not only a subset of transactions but also their optimal permutation to maximize revenue.