一句话：系统梳理2005—2025年45项研究，总结软件架构教育现状、挑战与未来方向。
软件架构对系统成功至关重要，但有效教学仍是软件工程教育的开放问题；其抽象性、认知负担及技术与社交技能整合需求构成障碍。本文对2005—2025年间45篇原始研究进行系统映射，提供迄今最全面的软件架构教育概览。结果显示，课程仍侧重质量属性、架构模式、文档与设计过程，项目式学习、游戏化和翻转课堂等主动学习策略有前景但研究不足。抽象与实践衔接、异构学生群体教学、教育与产业需求对齐仍是关键缺口。该研究整合二十年证据，识别未充分探索领域，并提出使软件架构教育更有效、可扩展且相关的发展方向。
Software Architecture is pivotal to the success of software systems, yet teaching it effectively remains an open problem in Software Engineering Education. Its abstraction, cognitive demands, and the need to integrate technical and social skills pose barriers for students and instructors. To address this, we conducted a systematic mapping study of 45 primary studies published between 2005 and 2025, providing the most comprehensive overview of Software Architecture Education to date. Our analysis reveals that curricula still emphasize quality attributes, architectural patterns, documentation, and design processes, while active learning strategies, such as Project-Based Learning, gamification, and flipped classrooms, show a promising yet underexplored impact. At the same time, critical gaps persist: bridging abstraction with practice, designing for heterogeneous cohorts, and aligning educational practices with industry demands remain challenges. By consolidating two decades of research, this study delivers updated evidence, uncovers underexplored areas, and outlines directions for making Software Architecture Education more effective, scalable, and relevant.
@inproceedings{paperbot11999,
title = {Two Decades of Software Architecture Education: State of the Art, Challenges, and Future Directions},
author = {Maria Clara Ribeiro de Menezes and Pedro Henrique Dias Valle and Alessandreia Marta de Oliveira},
booktitle = {ICSE},
year = {2026},
doi = {10.1145/3786580.3786954}
}