一句话：提出语义期望逻辑 SEL，将利益相关者期望形式化并量化，以弥补规约符合性验证无法发现的验证鸿沟。
软件系统成败取决于其与利益相关者期望的对齐。验证虽能严格检查规约符合性，但对隐含、细微期望的验证仍是前形式、临时性的，造成验证鸿沟：系统可形式正确却功能错位。本文提出语义期望逻辑（SEL），一种新形式化方法，将利益相关者期望提升为验证中核心的可形式推理制品。SEL 提供逻辑与框架，系统化地获取、建模并量化期望、领域需求与系统交付之间的一致性。通过 REST API 惯例的案例研究，作者展示以期望为中心的方法能揭示基于规约的方法无法看到的验证失败。SEL 将验证重构为可量化的期望对齐工程学科。
Software systems succeed or fail based on their alignment with stakeholder expectations. Yet, while verification rigorously checks conformance to specifications, the crucial validation of implicit, nuanced stakeholder expectations remains a pre-formal, ad-hoc activity. This creates a critical validation gap: systems can be formally correct yet functionally misaligned, leading to integration failures and poor user experience. This paper introduces the core idea of Semantic Expectation Logic (SEL), a novel formalism that elevates stakeholder expectations to become the central, formally-reasoned artifact in the validation process. SEL provides a logic and framework to systematically elicit, model, and quantify the alignment between what stakeholders expect, what the domain requires, and what the system delivers. Through a motivating case study on REST API conventions, we demonstrate how this expectation-centric approach uncovers validation failures that specification-based methods cannot see. SEL charts a new course for validation, reframing it as a quantifiable engineering discipline of expectation alignment.