一句话：通过工业试点揭示 Simulink/StateFlow 模型变异测试的实践挑战（等价变异体、需求追溯等）并给出经验教训。
本文关注信息物理系统开发中的“左移”测试策略：由于后期缺陷发现代价高昂，工程师需要在设计阶段就对用于仿真、原型与可行性分析的模型进行测试，而变异测试被认为是一种可支持该策略的手段。作者在 DUCO（一家楼宇通风系统制造商）开展试点项目，该公司长期采用以 Simulink 和 StateFlow 为核心的基于模型的工程实践，并为其模型编写了单元测试。研究结合工具原型 MUT4SLX，分析在工业环境中引入变异测试时所遇到的挑战与获得的经验教训。结果发现，等价变异体、需求可追溯性以及针对 StateFlow 的变异测试构成了三类尤为突出的难题，且此前尚未在学术文献中被报道。本文据此总结了实践中的问题与应对思路，为在基于模型的信息物理系统工程中落地变异测试提供了经验参考。
Several experience reports illustrate that mutation testing is capable of supporting a "shift-left" testing strategy, especially in industries where late bug discovery incurs very high costs and risks. In the context of cyber-physical systems, a "shift left" implies that engineers need to test the design models used to simulate, prototype, and analyse the feasibility of the system under design. In this paper, we analyse the challenges we encountered and the lessons we learned when incorporating mutation testing in the context of DUCO, a company producing ventilation systems for buildings. The engineers within DUCO have years of experience with model-based engineering centered around Simulink and StateFlow, including unit tests for their models. During a pilot project with our tool prototype MUT4SLX we learned that equivalent mutants, requirement traceability, and mutation testing for StateFlow represent particular challenges not yet reported in the academic literature.
@inproceedings{paperbot12324,
title = {Mutation Testing of Simulink Cyber-Physical System Models: Challenges and Solutions in Practice},
author = {Murat Kavak and Onur Kilincceker and Serge Demeyer and Kevin Vandenbroucke and Halim Abdurrahman Ceylan},
booktitle = {ASE},
year = {2026},
doi = {10.1145/3832783.3834529}
}