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P2 Good-for-games $\omega$-Pushdown Automata

Good-for-games ω-下推自动机
LMCS vol.Volume 18, Issue 12023匹配度 2/10 · 论文研究 ω-下推自动机与无限博弈求解,属于纯自动机/形式语言理论,与用户关注的 LLM/Agent 与静态分析/形式化验证交叉、浮点或贝叶斯程序分析无直接关联;且无工程实现、工业落地或 LLM 结合。引用 9 inbox
Karoliina Lehtinen, Martin Zimmermann
crossref: 2026-09-10

AI 速览

一句话:引入 good-for-games ω-下推自动机,证明其比确定性 ω-PDA 表达力更强,且相应无限博弈求解为 EXPTIME 完全。

本文引入 good-for-games ω-下推自动机(ω-GFG-PDA),其中非确定性可仅根据已读输入消解,从而使自动机可像确定性自动机一样与博弈、树和其他自动机组合。作者证明 ω-GFG-PDA 比确定性 ω-下推自动机表达力更强,并证明以 ω-GFG-PDA 为获胜条件的无限博弈求解是 EXPTIME 完全的,由此得到一类新的可判定 ω-上下文无关获胜条件及 EXPTIME 的 universality 复杂度。文中还研究该类语言的封闭性质、ω-下推自动机与语言的 good-for-gameness 可判定性,与 ω-可见下推自动机比较,分析消解非确定性所需资源,并证明 ω-GFG-PDA 的 parity index 层级是无穷的。

问题
如何将 good-for-games 概念扩展到 ω-下推自动机,以获得可组合的非确定性下推自动机,并确定相应无限博弈的判定性与复杂度。
方法
定义 ω-GFG-PDA,并利用其非确定性可由已读输入消解的性质,分析表达力、封闭性、判定问题、资源需求与 parity index 层级,并与确定性 ω-PDA、ω-可见下推自动机等相关自动机类比较。
评估
主要通过理论证明进行评估:证明 ω-GFG-PDA 严格强于确定性 ω-PDA,以其为获胜条件的无限博弈求解和 universality 问题为 EXPTIME 完全,并给出 good-for-gameness 可判定性及 parity index 无穷等结果。
原文摘要(Abstract)

We introduce good-for-games $\omega$-pushdown automata ($\omega$-GFG-PDA). These are automata whose nondeterminism can be resolved based on the input processed so far. Good-for-gameness enables automata to be composed with games, trees, and other automata, applications which otherwise require deterministic automata. Our main results are that $\omega$-GFG-PDA are more expressive than deterministic $\omega$- pushdown automata and that solving infinite games with winning conditions specified by $\omega$-GFG-PDA is EXPTIME-complete. Thus, we have identified a new class of $\omega$-contextfree winning conditions for which solving games is decidable. It follows that the universality problem for $\omega$-GFG-PDA is in EXPTIME as well. Moreover, we study closure properties of the class of languages recognized by $\omega$-GFG- PDA and decidability of good-for-gameness of $\omega$-pushdown automata and languages. Finally, we compare $\omega$-GFG-PDA to $\omega$-visibly PDA, study the resources necessary to resolve the nondeterminism in $\omega$-GFG-PDA, and prove that the parity index hierarchy for $\omega$-GFG-PDA is infinite. This is a corrected version of the paper arXiv:2001.04392v6 published originally on January 7, 2022.

链接与引用

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BibTeX
@article{paperbot2237,
  title = {Good-for-games $\omega$-Pushdown Automata},
  author = {Karoliina Lehtinen and Martin Zimmermann},
  journal = {Logical Methods in Computer Science},
  volume = {Volume 18, Issue 1},
  year = {2023},
  doi = {10.46298/lmcs-18(1:3)2022}
}