We explore the notion of history-determinism in the context of timed automata (TA) over infinite timed words. History-deterministic (HD) automata are those in which nondeterminism can be resolved on the fly, based on the run constructed thus far. History-determinism is a robust property that admits different game-based characterisations, and HD specifications allow for game-based verification without an expensive determinization step. We show that the class of timed $\omega$-languages recognized by HD timed automata strictly extends that of deterministic ones, and is strictly included in those recognised by fully non-deterministic TA. For non-deterministic timed automata it is known that universality is already undecidable for safety/reachability TA. For history-deterministic TA with arbitrary parity acceptance, we show that timed universality, inclusion, and synthesis all remain decidable and are EXPTIME-complete. For the subclass of TA with safety or reachability acceptance, one can decide (in EXPTIME) whether such an automaton is history-deterministic. If so, it can effectively determinized without introducing new automaton states.

@article{paperbot2721,
  title = {History-deterministic Timed Automata},
  author = {Sougata Bose and Thomas A. Henzinger and Karoliina Lehtinen and Sven Schewe and Patrick Totzke},
  journal = {Logical Methods in Computer Science},
  volume = {Volume 20, Issue 4},
  year = {2024},
  doi = {10.46298/lmcs-20(4:1)2024}
}