一句话:提出将人类价值可验证地融入软件的研究路线图,覆盖价值定义、设计集成与生命周期度量。
软件影响人们生活的多个方面,因此需要反映人类价值。然而,现有软件工程方法未能考虑人类价值,可能导致软件违背这些价值,进而引发用户不满、利润与声誉损失。为避免此类负面后果,作者提出“在软件中操作化人类价值”,即以可验证的方式将人类价值集成进软件。实现这一目标面临三大障碍:人类价值难以定义并付诸实践;现有软件设计决策大多忽视价值;价值在软件中难以确定和量化。本文旨在建立一份研究路线图以克服这些障碍,重点包括:(i) 为人类价值建立实用定义;(ii) 将价值融入软件设计;(iii) 在软件开发生命周期中度量价值。该文为概念性路线图,未报告实证评估。
Software influences several aspects of people's lives and therefore needs to reflect their values. However, existing software engineering methods fail to account for human values, which may result in breaching those values in software and, therefore, dissatisfaction of users and loss of profit and reputation. To avoid such negative consequences, human values need to be integrated -- in a verifiable way -- into software. We refer to this as Operationalizing Human Values in Software. But this is not easy to achieve due to three main obstacles: first, human values are hard to define in a way that can be put into practice; second, existing software design decisions are mainly ignorant of values; finally, values are hard to determine and quantify in software. This paper aims to establish a research roadmap for overcoming these obstacles. The proposed roadmap focuses on (i) establishing practical definitions for human values, (ii) integrating values into software design, and (iii) measuring values in the software development life cycle.