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P2 Guarded Kleene algebra with tests: verification of uninterpreted programs in nearly linear time

Guarded Kleene Algebra with Tests:未解释程序的近乎线性时间验证
POPL 4(POPL)2019匹配度 2/10 · 该论文是纯程序验证的代数理论(GKAT),与用户核心关注的 LLM/Agent 改进静态分析、Agentic 程序静态分析、浮点程序分析及贝叶斯程序分析均无直接关联;虽属形式化验证领域,但未涉及 LLM/Agent 或用户所列的具体交叉方向。引用 32 inbox
Steffen Smolka, Nate Foster, Justin Hsu, Tobias Kappé, Dexter Kozen, Alexandra Silva
crossref: 2026-09-10

AI 速览

一句话:提出 GKAT,利用其(余)代数理论,使未解释命令式程序的等式推理达到近乎线性时间。

GKAT 是通过对 KAT 的并(+)与迭代(*)施加谓词守卫限制而得到的变体。本文建立 GKAT 的(余)代数理论,并将其用于命令式程序的推理。与等式理论为 PSPACE 完全的 KAT 不同,作者证明 GKAT 的等式理论可在(几乎)线性时间内判定,并给出完整的 Kleene 定理,证明 Salomaa 式 Kleene 代数公理的对应版本具有完备性。该结果为未解释程序的验证提供了高效的代数基础。

问题
KAT 的等式理论是 PSPACE 完全的,难以高效用于程序推理;如何为带守卫的 KAT 片段建立可高效判定的代数理论并用于未解释程序验证。
方法
通过将 KAT 的并和迭代限制为谓词守卫版本,建立 GKAT 的(余)代数理论,发展 Kleene 定理与 Salomaa 式公理,并分析其等式判定复杂度。
评估
以理论证明和复杂度分析评估:证明 GKAT 等式理论可在(几乎)线性时间内判定,并证明相应公理系统的完备性。
原文摘要(Abstract)

Guarded Kleene Algebra with Tests (GKAT) is a variation on Kleene Algebra with Tests (KAT) that arises by restricting the union (+) and iteration (*) operations from KAT to predicate-guarded versions. We develop the (co)algebraic theory of GKAT and show how it can be efficiently used to reason about imperative programs. In contrast to KAT, whose equational theory is PSPACE-complete, we show that the equational theory of GKAT is (almost) linear time. We also provide a full Kleene theorem and prove completeness for an analogue of Salomaa’s axiomatization of Kleene Algebra.

链接与引用

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BibTeX
@article{paperbot535,
  title = {Guarded Kleene algebra with tests: verification of uninterpreted programs in nearly linear time},
  author = {Steffen Smolka and Nate Foster and Justin Hsu and Tobias Kappé and Dexter Kozen and Alexandra Silva},
  journal = {Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages},
  volume = {4},
  number = {POPL},
  year = {2019},
  doi = {10.1145/3371129}
}