一句话：提出用辅助量子比特实现动态运行时断言的量子电路，可断言经典态、纠缠与叠加态。
量子计算中的运行时断言面临两大挑战：qubit 不可克隆，且测量会使叠加态坍缩为经典态并丢失并行信息。本文提出通过辅助 qubit 进行运行时计算，间接收集目标 qubit 的信息，从而克服上述限制。作者设计了分别用于断言经典态、纠缠态和叠加态的量子电路。实验在 IBM Q 量子计算机上进行，结果表明这些断言电路在软件调试和错误检测中有效，并能提高多种量子算法的成功率。
In this paper, we propose quantum circuits for runtime assertions, which can be used for both software debugging and error detection. Runtime assertion is challenging in quantum computing for two key reasons. First, a quantum bit (qubit) cannot be copied, which is known as the non-cloning theorem. Second, when a qubit is measured, its superposition state collapses into a classical state, losing the inherent parallel information. In this paper, we overcome these challenges with runtime computation through ancilla qubits, which are used to indirectly collect the information of the qubits of interest. We design quantum circuits to assert classical states, entanglement, and superposition states. Our experimental results show that they are effective in debugging as well as improving the success rate for various quantum algorithms on IBM Q quantum computers.