一句话：提出能耗虚拟化框架 Eflect，在应用层解耦共运行应用的能耗，使每个应用仅感知自身能耗。
在共享环境中开发能耗感知应用面临一个关键障碍：一个应用产生的能耗会被另一个应用错误观测。论文提出 Eflect，一个用于解耦共运行应用能耗的软件框架。其核心思想是“能耗虚拟化”（energy virtualization），使每个能耗感知应用只感知自身执行所导致的能耗。Eflect 的设计轻量，是纯应用层方案，无需修改底层硬件或系统软件。实验表明该框架开销低且精度高，并能将现有的应用级能耗框架——包括能耗自适应近似与能耗剖析——无缝迁移到共享环境，同时保持其预期效果。
Developing energy-aware applications is a well known approach to software-based energy optimization. This promising approach is however faced with a significant hurdle when deployed to the environments shared among multiple applications, where the energy consumption effected by one application may erroneously be observed by another application. We introduce Eflect, a novel software framework for disentangling the energy consumption of co-running applications. Our key idea, called energy virtualization, enables each energy-aware application to be only aware of the energy consumption effected by its execution. Eflect is unique in its lightweight design: it is a purely application-level solution that requires no modification to the underlying hardware or system software. Experiments show Eflect incurs low overhead with high precision. Furthermore, it can seamlessly port existing application-level energy frameworks --- one for energy-adaptive approximation and the other for energy profiling --- to shared environments while retaining their intended effectiveness.