一句话：首个 OpenHarmony UI 重叠大规模实证研究，提出三层分类法，并发布基于多模态 VLM 的高开销遮挡检测工具 HCO-Eye。
UI 重叠是指一个 UI 组件在视觉上覆盖另一个组件，它既是构建丰富视觉层级的必要手段，也是可用性问题与性能瓶颈的根源，但此前缺乏系统性的数据驱动理解。本文首次对 OpenHarmony 生态中的 UI 重叠开展大规模实证研究：分析 100 个热门应用，通过一种新颖的三层分类法归类了 33,262,624 个重叠实例。研究发现，高开销遮挡是一类关键且此前难以检测的性能缺陷，即资源密集型组件虽被视觉遮挡却仍被渲染。为应对该问题，作者提出 HCO-Eye，利用多模态视觉语言模型（VLM）自动检测此类问题，并在商业应用中成功识别出 34 个高开销遮挡案例。该工作首次全面刻画了 OpenHarmony 中的 UI 重叠现象，并提供了自动诊断复杂性能相关 UI 缺陷的实用工具，工具已公开。
UI overlap is a phenomenon where one UI component visually covers another. While this overlap is necessary to construct rich visual hierarchies, it is also a root cause of usability issues and performance bottlenecks. However, a systematic, data-driven understanding of its prevalence and patterns has been lacking. To bridge this gap, we conduct the first large-scale empirical study on UI overlap in the OpenHarmony ecosystem. We analyze 100 popular apps, classifying 33,262,624 overlap instances through a novel three-tiered taxonomy. Our findings reveal that high-cost occlusion is a critical and previously hard-to-detect performance defect where resource-intensive components are rendered while visually obscured. We propose HCO-Eye, an innovative tool that leverages multimodal vision-language models (VLMs) to automatically detect such issues, successfully identifying 34 high-cost occlusion cases in commercial apps. Our study not only provides the first comprehensive understanding of UI overlap in OpenHarmony but also offers a practical tool to automatically diagnose complex performance-related UI bugs. Our tools are publicly available.
DOI 原文 ·
@inproceedings{paperbot9425,
title = {An Empirical Study on UI Overlap in OpenHarmony Applications},
author = {Farong Liu and Mingyi Zhou and Li Li},
booktitle = {ASE},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.1109/ase63991.2025.00274}
}