一句话：通过30人实验发现，人机交互中的紧迫性不影响对AI的信任，却可能损害用户自信与自我效能。
论文研究人机交互中 AI 智能体请求建议或指导时产生的紧迫感如何影响用户对 AI 的信任与自我认知。作者开展了一项包含 30 名参与者的人类实验，比较有无紧迫性以及是否需要逐步适应人机协作情境。结果显示，紧迫性并未显著改变用户对 AI 的信任，但可能降低用户的自信心与自我效能；当用户被渐进引入人机协作而非直接暴露其中时，其工作信心更高。作者讨论了这种自信流失可能导致长期绩效下降、次优决策、人为错误以及不可持续的 AI 系统，并给出对软件工程师和决策者的启示。
Studies show that interactions with an AI system fosters trust in human users towards AI. An often overlooked element of such interaction dynamics is the (sense of) urgency when the human user is prompted by an AI agent, e.g., for advice or guidance. In this paper, we show that although the presence of urgency in human-AI interactions does not affect the trust in AI, it may be detrimental to the human user's self-confidence and self-efficacy. In the long run, the loss of confidence may lead to performance loss, suboptimal decisions, human errors, and ultimately, unsustainable AI systems. Our evidence comes from an experiment with 30 human participants. Our results indicate that users may feel more confident in their work when they are eased into the human-AI setup rather than exposed to it without preparation. We elaborate on the implications of this finding for software engineers and decision-makers.
DOI 原文 · arXiv · PDF（开放获取） · DBLP
@inproceedings{abs-2604-07535,
title = {Trust the AI, Doubt Yourself: The Effect of Urgency on Self-Confidence in Human-AI Interaction},
author = {Baran Shajari and Xiaoran Liu and Kyanna Dagenais and Istvan David},
booktitle = {FSE},
year = {2026},
doi = {10.1145/3803437.3806712}
}